Understanding the Climate Behavior Through Data Interpretation: Java-Bali-Nusa Tenggara Case
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35806/ijoced.v3i2.184Keywords:
Data analysis, MATLAB, Mean temperature, Rainfall rate, Tropical climateAbstract
As an archipelago country in the equator, Indonesia has a tropical climate and often is subjected to monsoonal circulation. The geographical location affects Indonesia to have two seasons, which are the rainy season and drier season. Every season has its characteristic impacts against the mean temperature and rainfall rate. This research aims to analyze Indonesia’s mean temperature and rainfall rate data concerning its tropical climate. The areas observed are limited to Java, Bali, and Nusa Tenggara Island from January 2019 to December 2020. The data gathered from the official Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) website were processed using MATLAB, and Spearman’s correlation was applied to analyze the rainfall and temperature data. From the observation, this study discovered that the mean temperature data is stable throughout the areas but reaches maximum during the transition between rainy and drier seasons and minimum during the middle of the rainy season. The data observation is often fluctuated, even though showing less rain during the drier season and more during rainy seasons. The fluctuation is affected by the geographical fact that Indonesia has a large water surface, which makes evaporation easily induced by warm tropical temperatures.
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American Meteorological Society. (2012). Rainfall Rate. https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Rainfall_rate
Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika. (n.d.). Data Harian. Retrieved 16 June 2021, from https://www.bmkg.go.id/cuaca/probabilistik-xcurah-hujan.bmkg.
Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika. (n.d.). Data Harian. Retrieved 16 June 2021, https://dataonline.bmkg.go.id/data_iklim.
Case, M. J., Ardiansyah, F., & Spector, E. (2007). Climate Change in Indonesia - Implications for Humans and Nature. World Wildlife Fun. https://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?118240/Climate-Change-in-Indonesia-Implications-for-Humans-and-Nature
Chen, Y.R., Yu, B., & Jenkins, G. (2013). Secular Variation in Rainfall Intensity and Temperature in Eastern Australia. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 14, 1356 – 1363. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-0110.1
Cribb, R. & Ford, M. (2019). Indonesia beyond the Water’s Edge: Managing an Archipelagic State. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Singapore.
Evans, J. D. (1996). Straightforward Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Grossman, M. R. (2018). Climate Change and the Individual. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 66, 345–378. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avy018
Hayes, K., Blashki, G., Wiseman, J., Burke, S., & Reifels, L. (2018). Climate change and mental health: risks, impacts and priority actions. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 12:28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-018-0210-6
Hermawan, E. (2010). Pengelompokkan Pola Curah Hujan yang Terjadi di Beberapa Kawa-san P. Sumatera Berbasis Hasil Analisis Teknik Spektral. Pusat Pemanfaatan Sains Atmosfer dan Iklim Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa (LAPAN), 75-85.
Kementrian PPN/Bappenas. (2010). Analysis and Projection of Temperature and Rainfall. https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/2013/5229/9917/analysis-and-projection-of-temperature-and-rainfall__20110217130224__0.pdf
Loo, Y. Y., Billa, L., & Singh, A. (2015). Effect of climate change on seasonal monsoon in Asia and its impact on the variability of monsoon rainfall in Southeast Asia. Geoscience Frontiers, 6(6), 817-823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2014.02.009
Matawal, D. S. (2013). Climate Change and Global Warming: Signs, Impact and Solutions. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 4(1), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJESD.2013.V4.305
Nugroho, S. P. (2002). Evaluasi dan Analisis Curah Hujan Sebagai Faktor Penyebab Bencana Banjir Jakarta. Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca, 3(2), 91–97.
Prasetyo, S., Hidayat, U., Haryanto, Y. D., & Riama, N. F. (2021). Karakteristik Suhu Udara di Pulau Jawa Kaitannya Dengan Kelembapan Udara, Curah Hujan, SOI, dan DM. Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi dan Lingkungan (JGEL), 5(1), 15-26. https://doi.org/10.22236/jgel.v5i1.5971
Rianty, H. (2007). Tingkat Kenyamanan Termal Ditinjau dari Orientasi Bangunan pada Ruang Tamu Rumah Tinggal Sederhana Tipe 50 Perumahan Nusa Tamalanrea Indah Makassar. Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar.
Schober, P., Boer, C., & Schwarte, L. (2018). Correlation Coefficients: Appropriate Use and Interpretation. Anasthesia & Analgesia, 126(5), 1763-1768. https://doi.org/ 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002864
Setiawan, O. (2012). Analisis Variabilitas Curah Hujan dan Suhu di Bali (Rainfall and Temperature Variability Analysis in Bali). Balai Penelitian Teknologi Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu, 66-79. https://doi.org/10.20886/jakk.2012.9.1.66-79
Simarmata, H.A. & Surtiari, G.A.K. (2020). Adaptation to Climate Change: Decision Making and Opportunities for Transformation in Jakarta, Indonesia. United Nations Re-search Institute for Social Development. https://www.unrisd.org/unrisd/website/document.nsf/(httpPublications)/FA1FD6C0607E095380258639005271FA?OpenDocument
Sobel, A. H. (2012). Tropical Weather. Nature Education Knowledge, 3(12):2. https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/tropical-weather-84224797/
Stevens, A. (2010). Introduction to the Basic Drivers of Climate. Nature Education Knowledge, 3(10):10. https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/introduction-to-the-basic-drivers-of-climate-13368032/
Subarna, D. (2017). Analysis of Long-Term Temperature Trend as an Urban Climate Change Indicator. Forum Geografi. 31(2). https://doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v31i2.4189
Sudirman, S. T. S., & Barkey, M. A. R. A. (2017). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Banjir/Genangan di Kota Pantai dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kawasan Tepian Air. Seminar Nasional Space #3, 3(7), 142–157.
Vuurst, P.V.D. & Escobar, L.E. (2020). Perspective: Climate Change and the Relocation of Indonesia’s Capital to Borneo. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00005
Westra, S., Fowler, H. J., Evans, J. P., Alexander, L. V., Berg, P., Johnson, F., Kendon, E. J., Lenderink, G., & Roberts, N. M. (2014). Future changes to the intensity and frequency of short-duration extreme rainfall. Reviews of Geophysics, 52(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/2014RG000464
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2021-09-27
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Understanding the Climate Behavior Through Data Interpretation: Java-Bali-Nusa Tenggara Case (A. Natayu, F. T. Kamila, I. B. G. Genta Dananjaya, R. R. Reflin, & M. R. Fikri , Trans.). (2021). Indonesian Journal of Computing, Engineering, and Design (IJoCED), 3(2), 130-145. https://doi.org/10.35806/ijoced.v3i2.184
