LINKING COMPLEXITY LEADERSHIP FUNCTIONS TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION: EVIDENCE FROM TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46273/jobe.v9i2.207Keywords:
complexity leadership functions, entrepreneurial orientation, generative leadership, administrative leadership, information gathering leadership, information using leadership, community building leadershipAbstract
Entrepreneurial orientation has not been much studied in conjunction with leadership to assess the organizational dynamics. This study aims to identify the interaction between complexity leadership functions and investigating their relationship with entrepreneurial orientation—this research study used survey questionnaire methods to collect cross-sectional quantitative data. To test research hypotheses, a sample of 288 respondents was collected from the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. Analysis extracted 15 fine-grain interactions for all the five complexity leadership functions. Findings indicate a significant relationship between generative leadership, information gathering leadership, information using leadership and entrepreneurial orientation, the partial relationship between administrative leadership and entrepreneurial orientation. However, an insignificant relationship was found between community-building leadership and entrepreneurial orientation because the Telecommunication sector might not focus much on community building compared to other practices of complexity leadership functions. Thus, this study makes a significant contribution to the body of knowledge in the domain of leadership and entrepreneurial leadership. For practitioners, the study highlights fine-grain interactions of complexity leadership functions to further augment entrepreneurial orientation.
References
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Beenen, G., Pichler, S. & Levy, P. E. (2017). Self‐determined feedback seeking: The role of perceived supervisor autonomy support. Human Resource Management, 56(4), 555- 569.
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Dakiche, N., Tayeb, F. B.-S., Slimani, Y., & Benatchba, K. (2019). Tracking community evolution in social networks: A survey. Information Processing & Management, 56(3), 1084-1102.
De Clercq, D., Dimov, D., & Thongpapanl, N. (2010). The moderating impact of internal social exchange processes on the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(1), 87-103.
De Luque, M. S., Washburn, N. T., Waldman, D. A., & House, R. J. (2008). Unrequited profit: How stakeholder and economic values relate to subordinates' perceptions of leadership and firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53(4), 626-654.
Disch, J. (2009). Generative Leadership. Creative Nursing, 15(4), 172-177.
Dorn, S., Schweiger, B. & Albers, S. (2016). Levels, phases and themes of coopetition: A systematic literature review and research agenda. European Management Journal, 34(5), 484-500.
Ensley, M. D., Hmieleski, K. M. & Pearce, C. (2006). The Importance of Vertical and Shared Leadership Within New Venture Top Management Teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 217-231.
Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics using SPSS. Sage.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics. Sage.
Gillham, B. (2000). Developing a Questionnaire (London: Continuum). Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage.
Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219-247.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hazy, J. K. (2011) Parsing the influential increment in the language of complexity: Uncovering the systemic mechanisms of leadership influence. International Journal of Complexity in Leadership and Management, 1(2), 164-192.
Hazy, J. K. & Prottas, D. J. (2018). Complexity Leadership: Construct Validation of an Instrument to Assess Generative and Administrative Leadership Modes. Journal of Managerial Issues, 30(3), 325-277.
Hazy, J. K. & Uhl-Bien, M. (2015). Towards operationalizing complexity leadership: How generative, administrative and community-building leadership practices enact organizational outcomes. Leadership, 11(1), 79-104.
Hinkin, T. R., Tracey, J. B. & Enz, C. A. (1997). Scale construction: Developing reliable and valid measurement instruments. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 21(1), 100-120.
Holland, J. H. & Miller, J. H. (1991). Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory. The American Economic Review, 81(2), 365-370.
Huang, X., Xu, E., Chiu, W., Lam, C. & Farh, J.-L. (2015). When authoritarian leaders outperform transformational leaders: Firm performance in a harsh economic environment. Academy of Management Discoveries, 1(2), 180-200.
Hughes, M. & Morgan, R. E. (2007). Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(5), 651-661.
Jamali, D., Sidani, Y. & Zouein, C. (2009). The learning organization: tracking progress in a developing country. The Learning Organization, 16(2), 103-121.
Kassa, A. G. & Raju, R. S. (2015). Investigating the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and employee engagement. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 7(2), 148-167.
Khan, C. B. A. & Ahmed, R. (2019). Organizational Culture and Entrepreneurial Orientation: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Leadership. Business & Economic Review, 11(4), 149-178.
Kreiser, P. M., & Davis, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Unique Impact of Innovativeness, Proactiveness, and Risk-taking. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 39-51.
Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S. & Naffziger, D. W. (1997). An examination of owner’s goals in sustaining entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 35(1), 24-34.
Laguía, A., García-Ael, C., Wach, D. & Moriano, J. A. (2019). “Think entrepreneur - think male”: a task and relationship scale to measure gender stereotypes in entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 15(3), 749-772.
Lanaj, K., Johnson, R. E. & Barnes, C. M. (2014). Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 124(1), 11-23.
Lichtenstein, B. B., Uhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., Seers, A., Orton, J. D., & Schreiber, C. (2006). Complexity leadership theory: An interactive perspective on leading in complex adaptive systems. Emergence Complexity & Organization, 8(4), 2-12.
Lisboa, A., Skarmeas D. & Lages, C. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Exploitative and Explorative Capabilities, and Performance Outcomes in Export Markets: A Resource-Based Approach. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), 1274-1284.
London, M., Sobel-Lojeski, K. A. & Reilly, R. R. (2012). Leading Generative Groups: A Conceptual Model. Human Resource Development Review, 11(1), 31-54.
Lumpkin, G. T. & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
Luu, T. T., Dinh, K., & Qian, D. (2019). Ambidextrous leadership, entrepreneurial orientation and job crafting. European Business Review, 31(2), 260-282.
Marion, R., & Uhl-Bien, M. (2001). Leadership in complex organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 12(4), 389-418.
McKelvey, B. (2004). Toward a complexity science of entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(3), 313-341.
Mendes, M., Gomes, C., Marques-Quinteiro, P., Lind, P., & Curral, L. (2016). Promoting learning and innovation in organizations through complexity leadership theory. Team Performance Management, 22(5/6), 301-309.
Morse, J. M. (1995). The significance of saturation. Qualitative Health Research, 5(2), 147-149.
Northouse, P. G. (2014). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and Practice. Sage Publications.
Oldham, G. R. & Cummings, A. (1996). Employee Creativity: Personal and Contextual Factors at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607-34.
Parry, M. E. & Song, M. (2010). Market Information Acquisition, Use, and New Venture Performance*. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27(7), 1112-1126.
Pieterse, A. N., Van Knippenberg, D., Schippers, M. & Stam, D. (2010). Transformational and transactional leadership and innovative behavior: The moderating role of psychological empowerment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(4), 609-623.
Plsek, P. E., & Wilson, T. (2001). Complexity science: Complexity, leadership, and management in healthcare organisations. British Medical Journal, 323(7315), 746-749.
Pourmohammad, S. & Rezai, B. (2016). Determining the Relationship between Autocratic Leadership and Innovation in the Telecommunication Company of Kermanshah City. International Journal of Management, Accounting & Economics, 2(2), 17-24.
Puni, A., Agyemang, C. B. & Asamoah, E. S. (2016). Leadership styles, employee turnover intentions and counterproductive work behaviours. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 5(1), 1-7.
Rattray, J., & Jones, M. C. (2007). Essential elements of questionnaire design and development. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16(2), 234-243.
Real, J. C., Roldan, J. L. & Leal, A. (2014). From Entrepreneurial Orientation and Learning Orientation to Business Performance: Analysing the Mediating Role of Organizational Learning and the Moderating Effects of Organizational Size. British Journal of Management, 25(2), 186-208.
Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L. & Brännback, M. (2015). Understanding and measuring entrepreneurial leadership style. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 54-74.
Rezaei, J. & Ortt, R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the mediating role of functional performances. Management Research Review, 41(7), 878-900.
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2021-08-22
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LINKING COMPLEXITY LEADERSHIP FUNCTIONS TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION: EVIDENCE FROM TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR (C. B. A. Khan, R. Ahmed, & V. S. Anantatmula , Trans.). (2021). Journal of Business And Entrepreneurship, 9(2), 52-67. https://doi.org/10.46273/jobe.v9i2.207
